Imoto iphutha ukuqedwa indlela (1). Indlela umbuzo target eduze Khetha target ngokugxilisa ku izinhlelo ezihlobene ukumkhathaza iphutha izenzakalo futhi umbuzo eduze esekelwe luhlolo. Khetha target ngokugxilisa ku izinhlelo ezihlobene ukumkhathaza iphutha izenzakalo futhi umbuzo eduze esekelwe luhlolo. (2). Screening indlela (Ukukhishwa indlela) Ukuyeka le zamanga futhi kubuyise kweqiniso futhi asuse imihlola olukha phezulu by bebuza umsebenzisi imoto futhi egijima up test ukuqinisekisa iphutha ubuqiniso; phakathi kwenqubo ye-test run, ukuhlaziywa kanye nokwahlulela, izinhlelo (izingxenye) eziqhutshwa ngokuvamile kungaqinisekiswa ngaphandle iphutha ngamunye ngamunye uze emhlanganweni (izingxenye) amaphutha abangela uza. Uma imihlangano (izingxenye) okubangela amaphutha akhethiwe, bese sicela ukulungisa noma esikhundleni inhlangano (izingxenye) bese ahlole by test run. Uma iphutha imihlola kuyaqedwa, umsebenzi iphutha ukuqedwa isiqedile. Uma iphutha imihlola kungukuthi iqedwe, sicela siqhubeke sifeza Ukuhlolwa. (3). Isimiso indlela ukwahlulela Ijaji ukuthi ilitshe akhethiwe isebenza ngokujwayelekile ngokuvumelana ohlelweni noma inhlangano (izingxenye) yokusebenza isimiso. (4). Running-up test indlela Sicela ukuzwa futhi uzizwe ubuqiniso iphutha imihlola, ngezinga elithile futhi uhla izinkinga ngokusebenzisa test ukugijima-up ukusungula okuqondiswe ekuqedeni amaphutha imoto. B. Vehicle iphutha ukuqedwa izinyathelo Isinyathelo 1: Incazelo imoto iphutha imihlola Ngaphansi kwezimo jikelele, lapho izimoto amaphutha sezilungisiwe, servicemen aniyikubuza umshayeli mayelana imoto iphutha imihlola, izici, izimpawu ngaphambi iphutha livela kanye nesikhathi iphutha bese wenza qualitative kwangaphambilini ukwahlulela. Isinyathelo 2: ezimbili uphinde test imoto iphutha imihlola (1). izinyathelo Jikelele zimi kanje: Ngaphambi imoto liqinisekisiwe futhi zivivinywe, servicemen ngeke nokuqalisa wokuhlola ezibukwayo ku ukubukeka imoto esolisayo ingxenye emhlabeni imoto. Lapho kuhlolwe ngamehlo luyasetshenziswa, sicela uqinisekise ukuthi: uqaphele ukwenza ngokuvumelana kanye nokuhlola ngezandla phambi disassembly bese nophenyo ngokuqhubekayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, sicela ahlole imoto ngokulandela isimiso kusukela okulula nzima, kusukela eduze ezikude futhi kusukela ngaphandle kuya ngaphakathi. Sicela afeze test run bese uqinisekisa "iphutha imihlola" kanye izinhlelo incurring "iphutha imihlola." Kususelwa isiqinisekiso, sicela afeze umsebenzi wokulinga ukuqhathanisa for izingxenye ezisemqoka. Isinyathelo 3: Imoto iphutha ukuhlaziywa Ukuhlaziywa zingahlukaniswa zibe: sicela sihlaziye uhlelo (inhlangano efanele futhi ingxenye) okungase kubangele "iphutha imihlola" futhi izingxenye ezisemqoka (inhlangano) okungase kubangele "iphutha imihlola." Uhlaziyo uyakuba kwenziwe ngokuvumelana isakhiwo kanye namasistimu okusebenza wemoto isimiso. Sicela uhlaziye ngokuphindaphindiwe ukuthola izimbangela. Inqubo ukuhlaziywa kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi ukuze idinga ukusekelwa ithiyori, isimiso nesipiliyoni futhi idinga ukucabanga ngokucophelela futhi okunengqondo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuhlolwa ahlolwayo ngokuqhubekayo ezidingekayo. Ngenxa yalokho, okuthembekile ukwahlulela isiphetho ingatholakala. Isinyathelo 4: Imoto iphutha ukwahlulela Imoto iphutha ukwahlulela senziwa ekucwaningweni kanye nokugcinwa isipiliyoni. Umphumela ukulungiswa okungenzeka kuyiqiniso noma kungenzeka ayilungile, futhi lokho kuyinto ejwayelekile. Isizathu siwukuthi iphutha ungase ube lula futhi eyingqayizivele noma kungase kube amaningi futhi olubanzi. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlaziya okuphindaphindiwe kokuthi ukuhlolwa ukuqhathanisa kudingeka isinyathelo ngesinyathelo kuze inkinga isixazululekile ngokuphelele. Isinyathelo 5: Imoto iphutha ukuqedwa Vehicle iphutha ukuqedwa kanye ukulungiswa akuyona inkiyankiya yenkinga zabasebenzi. Okuqukethwe eziyinhloko disassembly elula nasemhlanganweni. I disassembly kufanele ulandele isimiso kusukela okulula nzima futhi kusukela ngaphandle kuya ngaphakathi lokufeza disassembly ngokwengxenye ukugwema disassembly nge indawo enkulu. Izimfuneko disassembly kufanele kuqashelwe uma disassembly nasemhlanganweni. Isinyathelo 6: ezimbili uphinde test emva imoto iphutha ukuqedwa Imoto kwalungisa kufanele iqinisekiswe. Izinga yokuqinisekisa kanye test ukushabalalisa imoto iphutha imihlola kanye nezimpawu. Uma iphutha izenzakalo futhi izimpawu kungukuthi iqedwe, sicela ukuphinda izinyathelo ezingenhla kuze imoto iphutha siqedwa ngokuphelele.

A. Fault Imbangela okungaba nokwelashwa iphutha (igesi): (1). Negesi isilinda ayinakho igesi noma isandla valve gas isilinda akuyona evulekile. Fault ukwelashwa: engeza igesi noma vula isandla valve gas isilinda. (2). High ingcindezi Solenoid umphini ayinakho ugesi noma lilimele. Fault ukwelashwa: Ukuvula ukhiye ukuthungela bese valve Solenoid uye ukushaya "Thump" umsindo. Isiqeshana Isixhumi of umfutho ophakeme Solenoid umphini liyakushunyayelwa ixhunyiwe uvalwe. Uma valve Solenoid lilimele, sicela esikhundleni salo. (3). ingcindezi okuphansi Solenoid umphini ku FMV ubafihlela noma lingavuleki ngokugcwele. Fault ukwelashwa: nokuhlola nge computer notebook. Ngemuva kokuthi ukhiye ukuthungela ivuliwe, ukubaluleka igesi ingcindezi ingaphansi kwe 110PSIA. Sicela ushintshe valve Solenoid noma nokuhlola valve ipulaki. (4). Negesi ingcindezi uphansi. Fault ukwelashwa: ahlole ukuthi wegesi ukuvuza igesi. B. Fault Imbangela okungaba nokwelashwa iphutha (ukuthungela wesifunda): (1). Amabili udlulisela lokulawula injini module zilimele, Ngakho-ke, sicela ahlole ukuthi ezintathu imizila yokuthumela izimpahla ugesi. Fault ukwelashwa: Ukuvula ukhiye ukuthungela futhi ahlole ukuthi edluliselwe ne-fuse babe 24V voltage nge multimeter ngokuvumelana imidvwebo kagesi. (2). Ignition mojuli lilimele. Fault ukwelashwa: ukuthola ukuthi misfires ikhoyili inanition. Sicela nokuhlola ikhodi iphutha, inhlansi ipulaki and ephezulu ukungezwani ikhebula. (3). Qala-up ijubane rotary liphansi kakhulu (ephansi ekuqaleni-up ijubane rotary kuyinto 100r / iminithi) ukwelashwa Fault: ahlole ukuthi voltage battery ongafinyelela 24V. (4). isilawuli Engine module (ECM) lilimele. Fault ukwelashwa: esikhundleni ECM. C. Fault Imbangela okungaba nokwelashwa iphutha (igesi emoyeni wesifunda kanye nabanye): (1). Air eyanele akusona ukwelashwa Fault eyanele: ahlole ukuthi lemifanekiso air kanye air eyanele uhlelo avimbelwe futhi oputshukile. (2). Oxygen inzwa isixhumi isiqeshana is tho futhi short circuit kubangelwa. Fault ukwelashwa: esikhundleni umoya-mpilo inzwa. (3). Electronic mpintsha valve lilimele. Fault ukwelashwa: ukusebenzisa isofthiwe ukuhlola electronic mpintsha valve. Uma electronic mpintsha valve lilimele, sicela esikhundleni salo. (4). valve eyanele kanye qeda valve kuyalungiswa ngephutha. Fault ukwelashwa: nokuhlola umphini imvume ngokuvumelana imfundo manual of udizili. (5). Ezinye izifunda ku imoto siphelile unezinkinga, ezifana kokungathathi hlangothi igiya inkinobho futhi njll ukwelashwa Fault: nokuhlola amasekethe imoto esiphelele. (6). Velocity inzwa iphutha. Fault ukwelashwa: sebenzisa isofthiwe ukuthola aphinde kukhona ikhodi iphutha. Hlola imvume phakathi disc evulekile kanye inzwa. (7). Indebe igiya of isignali generator iyaphenduka engela ukuthungela kusengaphambili kushintsha kakhulu. Ngalesi sikhathi, isignali generator kuyinto Waphuka. Fault ukwelashwa: ulungise isikhundla gear inkomishi ukwenza TDC isikali uphawu Aligning endawni emaphakathi inclining ukuba injini speed inzwa. Sicela ahlole ngokucophelela ukuthi generator isiginali Waphuka. Uma yebo, sicela esikhundleni isignali generator inhlangano.

I. Ngaphambi kokubuza iphutha yesondlo wenziwa, kuba kusiza angahlola futhi avivinye ukugwema izenzo ezingalungile ngenxa yokulungiswa. B. Hlola ukuthi umfutho womoya of amasondo ayo kwanele, kungakhathaliseki zombili bayalingana futhi ukuthi amasondo sezigugile. C. Hlola uwoyela mass ethangini amafutha kwanele futhi ukuthi luphakathi ecacisiwe ezingeni uwoyela. D. Hlola ukuthi uwoyela ukuhlunga ehlanzekile bushelelezi E. Hlola noma igenkle nezimo osontekile, kungakhathaliseki kinking kuyafaneleka futhi ivinjelwe. F. Hlola ukuthi amandla-basiza eziqondisa uwoyela futha ibhande amahlumela. G. Hlola ukuthi ukuxhumana okulandelayo ngokusobala ezilimele noma ayilungiswanga. (1). Induku yokudlala kanye ngokuhlanganyela jikelele; (2). Steering ingalo, ukudweba ibha, ukudweba ibha ngokuhlanganyela kanye jikelele ngokuhlanganyela; (3). Ukuxega isimo uxhumano ayo ngalinye.

Lapho umsebenzisi omusha nje isebenzisa ezisindayo-duty evenini gearbox Fast, umsebenzisi ngokuvamile ibonisa ukuthi akulula imoto ukuze ayifake igiya uma usuqala. Isizathu siwukuthi msebenzisi akanayo ukufunda incwadi yeziyalezo noma azifundisiwe ukuze msebenzisi akanayo ukuqonda izici yokusebenza gearbox Fast. Njengoba sazi ibhokisi eyinhloko ubudala gearbox Fast ayinakho synchronizer ukuze ukuqala shift uzakuba bamba kwabhoboka eqondisa umsebenzi. Lapho imoto uqala, uma kuphela isinyathelo bamba wagibela kodwa inkinobho umphini we bamba kwabhoboka ayibuyi, bese ukubopha awukwazi ukusebenza. Ngakho-ke, kunzima ukubeka ku igiya. Abanye abasebenzisi ukwazi izidingo ukuqala ukusebenza, kodwa namanje zibonisa ukuthi nzima ukuyibeka igiya. Ngokuvamile, umshayeli lifushane kakhulu nasemlenzeni lifushane kakhulu, ngaphezu kwalokho, esihlalweni siphezulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke, umlenze abakwazi uthinte isikhundla zokusebenza kwabhoboka uma usuqala. Ngenxa yalokho, ubude esihlalweni ngeke kushintshwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo. Uma bamba ngempela eyenza kwabhoboka inkinobho umphini uvule kodwa namanje nzima ukuyibeka igiya uma usuqala. Futhi kubonakala sengathi bamba hhayi kudedelwa ngokuphelele, bese-ke sibonisa ukuthi bamba ukubopha uhlelo has iphutha. Manje sicela nokuhlola braking igesi wesifunda okokuqala, ukubeka valve ukubopha phezu ephansi kwesokunxele gear box, athambise uhlobo igesi olufanelekayo ukubopha isilinda bese step on the isinyathelo bamba ukuze uvule bamba ukubopha valve. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi igesi uhlobo emapayipini kufaneleka igesi ngaphandle. Uma kungenjalo bushelelezi ngayo ucede, khona-ke sibonisa ukuthi kukhona iphutha ngenxa inkinobho umphini we ukubopha. Sicela ukuqaqa noma esikhundleni salo. Uma kuyinto evamile ucede, bese-ke sibonisa ukuthi akunankinga ku inkinobho valve futhi mhlawumbe iphutha ivuliwe uMbhalo ukubopha. I kwelashwa ukuqaqa bamba ukubopha isilinda. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi kwabhoboka isilinda piston yophawu is egqoka noma ukuvuza igesi, ngabe piston Ungahambisa ngokushelela futhi hhayi ska. Uma ukuvuza igesi, bese esikhundleni yophawu. Ekugcineni, siza nokuhlola ukuthi ngabe piston ukubopha arc ebusweni ngilugweda esigqokwa sina. Uma ezigugile sina, sicela esikhundleni piston ukubopha isilinda. Okubaluleke kakhulu, eziningi ezisindayo-duty amaloli kungukuthi ifakwe "unyathela amabhuleki kudivayisi bamba" okwamanje. Lapho imoto kubeka igiya lapho kuqalwa, lo isinyathelo bamba liyakushunyayelwa wagibela bese bafakwa igiya kamuva, okuyinto okufanayo nezinye izinhlobo. Uma kunzima bayeke igiya lapho imoto ushayela evamile, khona-ke sicela ahlole ukuthi isizathu ukusebenza eqhelile shift ezingeni. Fast gearbox usebenzisa esikude shift indlela phezu amaloli ezisindayo-duty. Uma shift esiphezulu kushintshwe ngendlela engafanele noma jointing futhi bushing kuqinile kakhulu noma bakhathale ngokweqile, ukungawi shift igiya izokwenyuka ukuze kunzima bayeke igiya. Ikakhulukazi, abanye amagiya kunzima bayeke. Screw kungase kushintshwe ngokulungisa igiya shift ingalo gearbox ukwenza induku yokudlala endaweni efanele. Ukuze gearbox nge double-isigwedlo kabili shift indlela, lapho isigwedlo wokulawula isikhethi isigwedlo noma shaft nezimo kungukuthi kushintshwe ngokufanele, igiya onqenqemeni ayikwazi ayifake reserve igiya, Creeper gear, abese 7th futhi igiya 8. Ngalesi sikhathi, sicela ususe isigwedlo yokusebenza noma shaft nezimo kusukela isigwedlo yokusebenza wayesezibeka isigwedlo isikhethi isikhundla Ukukhetha igiya nasemaphethelweni amagiya, ulungise ubude yokusebenza isigwedlo noma shaft nezimo ukufinyelela isikhundla Ukukhetha igiya umkhawulo futhi ukuxhuma induku yokudlala noma shaft nezimo nge isikhethi isigwedlo. Njengamanje, uchungechunge ezihlukahlukene gearboxes anemisila yonke synchronizer. Kuyinto elula ngakho lezi zinhlobo gearboxes bayeke igiya. Lapho igiya akulula bayeke, sicela nokuhlola ukuthi ngabe synchronizer lokhu igiya lilimele. Lapho gearbox nazo zonke synchronizer siqhutshwa, sicela bayeke igiya nge okunengqondo ijubane shift gear, okuyinto kunganciphisa nemihuzuko ka synchronizer futhi uzandise impilo inkonzo synchronizer. Lapho shift igiya wenziwa phakathi emibili elandelanayo igiya eliphezulu futhi igiya eliphansi (isib igiya lesine nelesihlanu), isikhawu ezifanele kufanele yadingeka ashukumise amagiya high and low futhi baphokophelele e igiya. Lapho isenzo shift igiya kuyinto anokuhambisana kakhulu, kulula ukuba kuvuthe futhi umonakalo synchronizer ka-gearbox yesibili. Uma akude yokusebenza isigwedlo uyashiywa igiya shift ingalo gearbox kusenzima bayeke abanye amagiya ne indlela ezisebenza ngqo igiya shift ingalo, futhi kubonisa ukuthi ingaphakathi gearbox has iphutha. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukulungisa kanye disassembly kuyadingeka. Ngokuvamile, isizathu siwukuthi abesifazane kushaft shift cover gearbox is zikhubazekile, beya emikhonweni futhi imiphini ezimbili kukhona sikhubazekile noma bakhathale ngokweqile noma shaft shift noma lockpin ka ephakamisa Ileveli zathukululeka.

Imbangela enkulu ngoba kushisa ukubopha sigubhu wukuthi ukubopha ekamelweni ingabuyeli noma ukubuya sincane kakhulu. Brake izicathulo wazihlephula sigubhu abanalo imvume, okuyinto zingenza ukubopha sigubhu ashisayo. Sicela ukuzohlola ulungise imvume kanye nokuhlola kungani ekamelweni ingabuyeli. Lapho ekamelweni ukubopha ingabuyeli, sicela nokuhlola igesi wesifunda nokuthi camshaft ukubopha kuyinto ezihambisanayo. Lapho sinqamukile entwasahlobo ukubuya ukubopha izicathulo, isigubhu ukubopha kushisa kakhulu. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi: le imvume phakathi Steyr ukubopha sigubhu bese siphelelwa usebe sincane kakhulu, ukunemba yokukhiqiza of yasekhaya ukubopha sigubhu uphansi, elingenhla hot air emkhondweni elingaphandle ukubopha sigubhu ayijulile, kanti-ke, ukushabalalisa ukushisa ayiyinhle neze. Lapho imoto ugijimela ibanga elide ekwehleni, injini qeda ekushayweni ukubopha ngeke ukubambezela motor (ngezinyawo) ukubopha kufanele isetshenziswe ngaphansi mhlawumbe ukugwema ukuthi imigqomo ukubopha kushisa kakhulu.

Kwabhoboka azikwazi ukusebenza futhi umphumela kuba ebuthaka, okungase kubangelwe uhlelo igesi wesifunda. Brake izicathulo sika ngomshikisho ipuleti wazihlephula sigubhu unezinkinga. Le ndawo touch phakathi ukubopha shot ipuleti wazihlephula sigubhu kuyakuba kunangendlela 70% endaweni ngokuphelele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, plate ngomshikisho ahlambuluke, omile futhi abanalo ukungcola okunamafutha noshukela olumanzi. Ukuze kuqinisekwe ukuthi ebusweni touch phakathi ngomshikisho ipuleti ukubopha izicathulo kanye ukubopha sigubhu, lapho ama-drum ukubopha iphelelwe round futhi has hudula uphawu nokungqubuzana ipuleti lilimele noma esikhundleni, sicela wenze kokuphenduka bushelelezi phezu friction ipuleti wazihlephula isigubhu ngamathuluzi ekhethekile. Okuhlangenwe nakho okungokoqobo kubonisa ukuthi umphumela kokubili ubuso sekupheleni friction ipuleti ukubopha izicathulo sika ekubambisaneni ungcono isikhungo ekubambisaneni futhi emikhawulweni unmeshed. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukubopha ngomshikisho ipuleti wenza kokuphenduka bushelelezi, ububanzi kokuphenduka bushelelezi kuyakuba 0.2mm kunangendlela ubukhulu engaphakathi ukubopha sigubhu. Umkhawulo bushelelezi kokuphenduka inani ukubopha sigubhu kuyakuba 2mm phezu ubukhulu ngokuvamile.

Uma amandla webhethri akwanele uma kuqale ekuseni kunzima ukuyikhipha ukuziqalela, indlela sesikhashana: uthele amanzi ashisayo ku ibhethri, vala yonke imishini kagesi kanye ukuvala iminyango imoto (ephansi has unyawo ukukhanyisa). Ngemva 5-10 imizuzu, imoto ungaqala. Kamuva sicela ukushayela imoto ukushintsha ibhethri.

I kuvunyelwe ukusebenza lokushisa gearbox okusheshayo akusayikuba 120 ℃. Gearbox zingakwazi ukukhiqiza ukushisa ezithile ngoba friction ukuthuthela ilungu. Amazinga evamile zokusebenza imayelana 38 ℃ ngaphezu kwezinga lokushisa kuma. Ukushisa kwashabalala ngokusebenzisa gearbox izindlu. Uma ukushabalalisa ukushisa akuyona evamile, okweqile uzobe kubangelwa. Kuyinto evamile ukuthi imoto gearbox kuyinto "ashisayo kakhulu ukuba uthinte" lapho imoto ugijima olushisayo lwasehlobo. Kodwa uma ngisho ijazi kapende ka-gearbox odabukileyo kanye lokushisa eliphezulu livela, sicela unake ukuhlolwa. Kukhona izinto eziningi ngoba okweqile ka-gearbox. Omningi egcwele uwoyela igiya noma indlala sina uwoyela kuzokwenza okweqile. Umshini part ngokungavamile bakhathale futhi sihlobene is bamasha Friend too, nakho kungaholela okweqile. Gearbox siphela ngesivinini ongaphakeme noma ngesivinini, ephinde kungabangela okweqile. Lapho sha lamafutha nge-gearbox igiya ikakhulukazi inombolo viscosity akulungile, kunzima gcoba bese gearbox is okweqile. I mpilo uzibona gearbox kungabangela okweqile futhi ungenza gearbox sina ukuvuza amafutha ekupheleni input bese okukhipha. Engine qeda uhlelo evaliwe kakhulu gearbox. Running isivinini lingaphansi kuka 32Km / h ngokuvamile. engela Ukusebenza ka-gearbox kuyakuba angaphezu kuka-12 °.