Galimoto vuto Kupha njira (1). Njira chandamale funso kwambiri Sankhani chandamale mwa kuika pa machitidwe zokhudzana ndi mavuto zochitika vuto ndi funso kwambiri potengera bwino. Sankhani chandamale mwa kuika pa machitidwe zokhudzana ndi mavuto zochitika vuto ndi funso kwambiri potengera bwino. (2). Kuyezetsa njira (Exclusion njira) Kusiyiratu onyenga ndi kusunga choona ndi kuchotsa zochitika kungotengeka ndi kufufuza galimoto wosuta ndipo anathamangira mayeso kutsimikiza vuto lodalirika; pa ndondomeko ya mayeso pake, kusanthula ndi chiweruzo, kachitidwe (zigawo) opareshoni bwinobwino akhoza anatsimikizira popanda vuto mmodzi ndi mmodzi mpaka msonkhano (zigawo) kuchititsa zolakwa afikiridwa. Kamodzi misonkhano (zigawo) kuchititsa zolakwa amasankhidwa, ndiye chonde kukonza kapena m'malo khamu (zigawo) ndi ndiye kuyendera ndi chiyeso mothamanga. Ngati zochitika vuto kuletsedwa, ntchito vuto Kupha yatha. Ngati zochitika vuto si inathetsedwa, chonde kupitiriza kuchita mosamala. (3). Mfundo njira chiweruzo Woweruza ngati anasankha chandamale ntchito bwinobwino mogwirizana ndi dongosolo kapena msonkhano (zigawo) opaleshoni mfundo. (4). Akuthamanga-mmwamba mayeso njira Chonde kuona ndi kumva lodalirika zodabwitsa vuto, koposa ndiponso osiyanasiyana mavuto kupyola mmayesero kuthamanga-mmwamba kukhazikitsa chandamale cha kuchotsa galimoto zolakwa. B. wagalimoto vuto Kupha akuloza 1: Kufotokozera za galimoto vuto zochitika Nyengo ambiri, pamene magalimoto ndi zolakwa ndi kukonzedwa, servicemen mudzapempha woyendetsa za zochitika galimoto vuto, zizindikiro zizindikiro pamaso vuto zikuoneka kuti nthawi vuto kenako kupanga kuyambirira Mkhalidwe chiweruzo. Gawo 2: Yotsimikiza kuyesedwa zodabwitsa galimoto vuto (1). talemba ali motere: Pamaso pa galimoto wotsimikizika ndi kuyesedwa, servicemen adzakhala kugwiritsa anayendera zithunzi maonekedwe galimoto ndi gawo Muzisamala padziko galimoto. Pamene anayendera zithunzi akuyendera, chonde onetsetsani: ukutsatira ndi kuyendera ndi manja pamaso disassembly kenako kufunsitsa mosalekeza. Pa nthawi yomweyo, chonde kuyendera galimoto potsatira mfundo ya pa zovuta yovuta kwa pafupi ndi kutali ndi kuchokera kunja kwa mkati. Chonde achite mayeso anathamanga ndipo kuwatsimikizira 'vuto zochitika "ndi kachitidwe anakhumudwitsa" vuto zochitika ". Kuchokera pa chitsimikizo, chonde kugwira kuyesera poyerekeza magawo kiyi. Gawo 3: wagalimoto vuto kusanthula Analysis angathe kugawidwa: chonde yosanthula dongosolo (zogwirizana msonkhano ndi chigawo) zomwe zingachititse "vuto zochitika" ndi mbali kiyi (msonkhano) zomwe zingachititse "vuto zochitika". kuwunika adzakhala idzachitika mogwirizana ndi galimoto dongosolo la kapangidwe ndi opareshoni mfundo. Chonde yosanthula mobwerezabwereza kupeza mavuto. The ndondomeko kusanthula ndi ndondomeko zovuta kuti akusowa thandizo la mfundo chiphunzitso ndi zinachitikira ndi likusowa maganizo mosamala ndi zomveka. Pa nthawi yomweyo, mayesero komanso ali mosalekeza zofunika. Chifukwa, odalirika chiweruzo mapeto akhoza kuwapeza. Gawo 4: wagalimoto vuto chiweruzo Galimoto vuto chiweruzo chinaperekedwa potsatira pa kusanthula ndi zinachitikira yokonza. The chifukwa kusintha angakhale olondola kapena mwina si zoona, amene ali bwinobwino. Chifukwa chake n'chakuti vuto akhale ophweka ndi wapadera kapena mwina angapo ndipo mabuku. Choncho, mobwerezabwereza kusanthula ndi kuyesera poyerekeza ndi zofunika sitepe ndi sitepe mpaka vuto kwathunthu kuthetsedwa. Gawo 5: wagalimoto vuto Kupha wagalimoto vuto Kupha ndi makonzedwe si yovuta ntchito ndondomeko. Nkhani yaikulu ali ophweka disassembly ndi msonkhano. The disassembly zidzawatsata mfundo ya ku zosavuta kovuta ndipo kuchokera kunja kwa mkati kugwira tsankho disassembly kupewa disassembly ndi lalikulu. Zimafunika disassembly tidzakwatulidwa anaona disassembly ndi msonkhano. Gawo 6: Yotsimikiza kuyesedwa pambuyo galimoto vuto Kupha Galimoto anakonza adzakhala umboni. Muyezo wa yotsimikiza ndi mayeso kuchotsa galimoto vuto zochitika ndi zizindikiro. Ngati vuto zochitika ndi zizindikiro ndi sunathetse, chonde kubwereza masitepe pamwamba mpaka galimoto vuto kwathunthu inathetsedwa.
A. vuto zotheka chifukwa ndi vuto chithandizo (mpweya): (1). yamphamvu mpweya alibe mpweya kapena dzanja valavu wa yamphamvu mpweya ndi ume-. Zifukwa mankhwala: kuwonjezera mafuta kapena kuyatsa dzanja valavu wa yamphamvu mpweya. (2). Kuthamanga solenoid vavu alibe magetsi kapena kuonongeka. Zifukwa mankhwala: kuyatsa chinsinsi poyatsira kenako valavu solenoid ali kulira "thump" phokoso. The kopanira cholumikizira a kuthamanga vavu solenoid tidzakwatulidwa plugged mwamphamvu. Ngati valavu solenoid chawonongeka, chonde m'malo. (3). Low kuthamanga solenoid valavu pa FMV sangakhale lotseguka kapena sanatsegule kwathunthu. Zifukwa mankhwala: kuyendera ndi kompyuta kope. Pambuyo chinsinsi poyatsira ndi anatembenukira, phindu mpweya kuthamanga n'chozama kupitirira 110PSIA. Chonde m'malo vavu solenoid kapena kuyendera vavu pulagi. (4). Gasi kuthamanga ndi otsika. Zifukwa mankhwala: kuyendera ngati payipi mpweya kuchucha mpweya. B. vuto zotheka chifukwa ndi vuto chithandizo (poyatsira dera): (1). yolandirana awiri injini ulamuliro gawo kuonongeka Choncho, chonde kuyendera ngati mizere okwanira atatu ndi magetsi. Zifukwa mankhwala: kuyatsa chinsinsi poyatsira ndi kuyendera ngati kulandirana ndi lama fuyusi ndi 24V voteji ndi multimeter malinga ndi zithunzi magetsi. (2). Poyatsira gawo chawonongeka. Zifukwa mankhwala: azindikire kuti misfires inanition koyilo. Chonde kuyendera vuto code, mphanvu pulagi ndi mkulu-mavuto chingwe. (3). Kuyamba-mmwamba makina liwiro ndi otsika kwambiri (otsika chiyambi-mmwamba makina liwiro ndi 100r /) □ vuto mankhwala: kuyendera ngati batire voteji angafikire 24V. (4). Engine ulamuliro gawo (ECM) chawonongeka. Zifukwa mankhwala: m'malo ECM. C. vuto zotheka chifukwa ndi vuto chithandizo (mpweya mpweya dera ndi ena): (1). Air wambiri singakwane vuto mankhwala: kuyendera ngati mpweya fyuluta ndi dongosolo mpweya wambiri amatsekeka ndi zinawukhira. (2). Mpweya kachipangizo cholumikizira kopanira ndi zinaphatikizidwa ndi dera yochepa chifukwa. Zifukwa mankhwala: m'malo kachipangizo oxygen. (3). Pakompyuta fulumizitsa vavu chawonongeka. Zifukwa mankhwala: ntchito pulogalamu kuyesa pakompyuta fulumizitsa valavu. Ngati pakompyuta vavu fulumizitsa chawonongeka, chonde m'malo. (4). Madyedwe valavu ndi valavu utsi ndi kusintha molakwika. Zifukwa mankhwala: kuyendera vavu chilolezo malinga ndi malangizo Buku injini dizilo. (5). Madera ena pa galimoto yomalizidwa ndi mavuto, monga ndale zida lophimba ndi etc. vuto mankhwala: kuyendera madera a galimoto yotsirizidwa. (6). Mathamangidwe kachipangizo vuto. Zifukwa mankhwala: ntchito pulogalamu kudziwa kenako pali vuto code. Kuyendera chilolezo pakati chimbale yosema ndi kachipangizo. (7). The zida chikho cha jenereta chizindikiro akutembenukira ndi mbali ya pasadakhale poyatsira amasintha kwambiri. Panthawi imeneyi, mbendera jenereta ndi zikukhudza. Zifukwa mankhwala: kusintha malo chikho zida kuti TDC lonse chizindikiro aligning pa malo chapakati inclining kwa injini ya kachipangizo liwiro. Chonde mosamala kuyendera ngati jenereta mbendera ndi zikukhudza. Ngati inde, chonde m'malo chizindikiro jenereta msonkhano.
A. Pamaso kukonza vuto imagwiridwa, ndi bwino kuyendera ndi kuyesa kupewa kuchita zinthu zoipa chifukwa tikukonza. B. Yendelani ngati mpweya mavuto chiwongolero ndi mokwanira, ngati mbali zonse ndi zofanana ndipo ngati magudumu ankavala. C. Yendelani mafuta misa mu thanki mafuta okwanira komanso ngati ali mkati mwachindunji mlingo mafuta. D. Yendelani ngati mafuta fyuluta oyera ndi kusalaza E. Yendelani ngati kusintha chitoliro wokhota, kaya kinking n'koyenera ndipo oletsedwa. F. Yendelani kaya mphamvu-anathandiza chiwongolero mafuta mpope lamba Timitengo. G. Yendelani ngati yogwirizana zotsatirazi mwachionekere kuonongeka kapena n'zopanda. (1). Joystick ndi chilengedwe olowa; (2). Utsogoleri dzanja jambulani bala jambulani bala olowa ndi chilengedwe olowa; (3). Tithe kumvetsa kumasulira zinthu aliyense kugwirizana chiwongolero.
Pamene wosuta latsopano amagwiritsa heavy-ntchito galimoto ndi Fast gearbox, wosuta zambiri akuganizira kuti si kophweka galimoto kuika mu zida poyambitsa. Chifukwa chake n'chakuti wosuta Kodi simunawerenge malangizo Buku kapena si aphunzitsidwa wosuta yemwe samamvetsa mbali opaleshoni ya Fast gearbox. Monga tikudziwa bokosi waukulu Fast gearbox akale alibe synchronizer kotero kuti kuyambira kosangalatsa adzakhala ndi zowalamulira ndi ananyema agwirire ntchito. Pamene galimoto akuyamba, ngati yekha ngo zowalamulira ndi kuponda pa koma lophimba valavu wa zowalamulira ndi ananyema si anatembenukira, ndiyeno ananyema sangagwire. Choncho, n'zovuta kuika mu zida. Ena owerenga kudziwa zofunika kuti kuyambira opareshoni, koma zimasonyeza kuti ndi zovuta mu zida. Kunena zoona, dalaivala ndi waufupi kwambiri ndi mwendo ndi waufupi kwambiri Komanso mpando mopambanitsa Choncho, mwendo sangakhoze kukhudza ntchito udindo wa nagawa poyambitsa. Chifukwa, kutalika mpando adzakhala kusintha ziyeneretso. Ngati zowalamulira Kamathandiza ananyema lophimba vavu kuyatsa komabe kovuta kufotokoza zida poyambitsa. Ndipo zikuoneka kuti zowalamulira si anamasulidwa kwathunthu, ndiyeno limasonyeza kuti zowalamulira dongosolo ananyema ali vuto. Tsopano chonde kuyendera braking mpweya dera Choyamba, kuika vavu ananyema pa wamanzere wa bokosi zida, kumasula mtundu mpweya loyenerera yamphamvu ananyema kenako mwatsatane pa ngo zowalamulira kutembenukira pa zowalamulira vavu ananyema. Chonde kusunga ngati mpweya mtundu koyenera exhausts mpweya kunja. Ngati izo siziri osalala kuutsiriza, ndiye akusonyeza kuti pali vuto la magetsi valavu wa nagawa. Chonde disassemble kapena m'malo. Ngati aliyense kuutsiriza, kenako Izi zikusonyeza kuti palibe vuto valavu lophimba ndi mwina vuto ndi panalembedwa ndi ananyema. Mankhwalawa ndi disassemble ndi zowalamulira yamphamvu ananyema. Chonde kusunga ngati ananyema yamphamvu pisitoni mpheteyo ndi ankavala kapena kuchucha gasi, ngati pisitoni akhoza kusuntha bwino ndipo si clamped. Ngati kuchucha mafuta, kenako m'malo mpheteyo. Pomaliza, chonde kuyendera ngati pisitoni ananyema Arc concave pamwamba ndi chobvalidwa kwambiri. Ngati munthu amavala kwambiri, chonde m'malo ananyema yamphamvu pisitoni. Chofunika, ambiri magalimoto heavy-ntchito sali okonzeka ndi "zowalamulira braking chipangizo" kwa mphindi. Pamene galimoto amaika mu zida poyambitsa, ndi ngo zowalamulira tidzakwatulidwa kuponda pa n'kukaziika mu zida ina, amene ali yemweyo ndi mitundu ina. Ngati zingakhale zovuta kuloza zida pamene galimoto amayendetsa zambiri, chonde kuyendera kaya chifukwa ndi ntchito kutali mlingo kosangalatsa. Fast gearbox utenga kutali kosangalatsa limagwirira pa magalimoto heavy-ntchito. Ngati mlingo kosangalatsa kusintha zosayenera kapena jointing ndi bushing kwambiri zothina kapena mwauchidakwa olema, kulimbikira kwa chosinthira magiya udzakhala wautali kotero kuti n'zovuta kuloza zida. Makamaka, ena magiya ndi zovuta kuloza. wononga akhoza kusintha ndi kusintha zida kosangalatsa mkono wa gearbox kuti joystick mu malo oyenera. Pakuti gearbox ndi awiri ndalezo awiri amasinthira njira, pamene ndalezo kulamulira selector ndalezo kapena kusintha kutsinde sindizo zopanda moyenera, zida pa mphepete simungakhoze kuika mu malo zida, creeper zida, ndipo wa 7 ndi wa 8 zida. Panthawi imeneyi, chonde chotsani ndalezo opaleshoni kapena kusintha kutsinde kwa ndalezo opaleshoni ndipo anaika selector ndalezo pa zida kusankha malo a magiya m'mphepete, kusintha kutalika opaleshoni ndalezo kapena kusintha kutsinde kuwafika zida kusankha malo a malire ndi kulumikiza joystick kapena kusintha kutsinde ndi selector ndalezo. Pakali pano, mndandanda zosiyanasiyana gearboxes zili ndi synchronizer onse. Ndi yabwino awa mitundu ya gearboxes kuloza zida. Pamene zida si kophweka kuloza, chonde kuyendera ngati synchronizer zida izi chawonongeka. Pamene gearbox ndi synchronizer zonse opareshoni, chonde kuloza zida ndi zomveka chosinthira magiya liwiro, amene akhoza kuchepetsa kumva kuwawa kwa synchronizer ndi kutalikitsa moyo utumiki wa synchronizer. Pamene chosinthira magiya imagwiridwa pakati zoyandikana zida mkulu ndi otsika zida (mwachitsanzo wachinayi ndi wachisanu zida), imeneyi yoyenera tidzakwatulidwa zofunika kumuumiriza magiya mkulu ndi otsika ndi kukankha mu zida. Pamene ntchito ya chosinthira magiya kwambiri coherent, n'zosavuta kuwotcha ndi kuwonongeka synchronizer wa gearbox sekondale. Ngati kutali opaleshoni ndalezo ndi wosiyana zida kosangalatsa mkono wa gearbox, komabe ndi zovuta kuloza ena magiya ndi njira mwachindunji zikugwira ntchito dzanja zida kosangalatsa, Izi zikusonyeza kuti mkati mwa gearbox ali vuto. Panthawi imeneyi, kukonza ndi disassembly chofunika. Kunena zoona, chifukwa chakuti anasintha kutsinde gearbox chivundikirocho ndi olumala, kutsetsereka wamanja ndi mikondo awiri ndi opunduka kapena mwauchidakwa ankavala kapena kosangalatsa kutsinde kapena lockpin mlingo zochotsa ndi anamasuka.
Chifukwa chachikulu otentha ng'oma ananyema ndi ananyema chipinda sabwerera kapena kubwerera akuchedwa kwambiri. Nagawa nsapato nagawa ng'oma mulibe chilolezo, omwe angathandize ananyema ng'oma otentha. Chonde kuyendera ndi kusintha chilolezo ndi kuyendera chifukwa chipinda sabwerera. Pamene chipinda ananyema sabwerera, chonde kuyendera mpweya dera ndipo ngati ananyema camshaft ndi zolimba. Pamene kubwerera kasupe wa nsapato ananyema wasweka, ndi ananyema ng'oma ndi otentha kwambiri. Chonde dziwani kuti: ndi chilolezo pakati Steyr ananyema ng'oma ndi tayala mkombero ndi chochepa, lolondola kupanga zoweta ng'oma ananyema ndi otsika, chapamwamba mpweya wotentha njira ya kunja kwa ananyema ng'oma ndi losaya, ndipo chotero, kutentha madyaidya ndikuledzera ndi osauka kwambiri. Pamene galimoto athamanga mtunda wautali kutsikatsika, injini utsi umuna ananyema adzakhala kuchedwetsa ndi galimoto (phazi) ananyema adzakhala ntchito zochepa mwina kupewa kuti ananyema ng'oma ndi kotentha.
The ananyema sangagwire ntchito ndi zotsatira ndi osauka, zomwe mwina chifukwa cha dongosolo mpweya dera. Nagawa nsapato za mikangano mbale nagawa ng'oma ndi mavuto. M'dera kukhudza pakati ananyema kuwombera mbale nagawa ng'oma adzakhala lalikulu kuposa 70% ya malo okwana. Pa nthawi yomweyo, mbale mikangano adzakhala woyera, youma ndipo alibe dothi aliwonse ndi lonyowa. Pofuna mutsimikizira kukhudza pamwamba pa mbale ananyema nsapato za mikangano nagawa ng'oma, pamene ananyema ng'oma ali wozungulira ndipo ali chizindikiro kuukoka ndi mbale mikangano chawonongeka kapena m'malo, chonde kuchita kutembenuza yosalala pamwamba pa mbale mikangano nagawa ng'oma ndi zipangizo zapadera. The nawo ntchitoyo zimasonyeza kuti zotsatira za nkhope onse mapeto a mbale mikangano ananyema nsapato za meshed aposa pakati meshed ndi malekezero unmeshed. Choncho, nagawa mikangano mbale amachita kutembenuza yosalala, m'mimba mwake wa chitembenukiro yosalala adzakhala 0.2mm lalikulu kuposa awiri lamkati la ananyema ng'oma. The pazipita yosalala kutembenuza kuchuluka kwa ananyema ng'oma adzakhala 2mm pa awiri zambiri.
Ngati mphamvu batire sikokwanira pamene muyatsa m'mawa ndipo n'zovuta kukoka sitata, njira zosakhalitsa ndi: kutsanulira madzi otentha batire la pafupi zipangizo zonse magetsi ndi kutseka zitseko galimoto (m'munsi ali phazi kuyatsa). Patapita mphindi 5-10, galimoto mukhoza kuyamba. Kenako chonde kuyendetsa galimoto kusintha batire.
The chovomerezeka ntchito kutentha kwa mofulumira gearbox sipadzakhalanso kuposa 120 ℃. Gearbox akhoza kupanga kutentha zina chifukwa cha mikangano kusamukira membala. The yachibadwa ntchito kutentha ndi za 38 ℃ kuposa kutentha yozungulira. The kutentha ankakhala moyo wotayirira kudzera gearbox nyumba. Ngati kutentha madyaidya ndikuledzera si yachibadwa, kutenthedwa adzakhala akumvera. M'pomveka kuti galimoto gearbox ndi "kotentha kukhudza" pamene galimoto athamanga m'chilimwe otentha. Koma ngati chovala utoto wa gearbox ndi losweka ndi mkulu kutentha limapezeka, choonde mvetselani anayendera. Pali zinthu zambiri zimene zikuyambitsa kwa kutenthedwa wa gearbox. Kwambiri wodzazidwa mafuta zida kapena aakulu mafuta njala adzachititsa kutenthedwa. The makina mbali ndi abnormally ankavala ndi kuchitira ndi anayenda kwambiri zolimba, amenenso kungachititse kutenthedwa. Gearbox akuthamanga ndi liwiro otsika kapena mkulu liwiro, amenenso zingachititse kutenthedwa. Pamene mtundu wa mafuta gearbox zida makamaka kukhuthala nambala yolakwika, n'zovuta mafuta ndiyeno gearbox ndi kutenthedwa. Mpweya othandizira wa gearbox zingachititse kutenthedwa ndi kungapangitse kuti gearbox kwambiri kuchucha mafuta athandizira ndi linanena bungwe mapeto. Engine utsi dongosolo kwambiri chatsekedwa kwa gearbox. Liwiro ndi zosakwana 32Km / h zambiri. Ntchito ngodya ya gearbox adzakhala oposa 12 °.