Kaa hewa hoʻopau iaoia (1). Ano o ka pale umauma hoʻokahi ninau pili loa E koho i ka pale ma ka centering ma nenoai e pili pū ana i ka pilikia no ka hewaʻike manaʻo a me ka ninau pono aku i ka nānā 'ana ma luna o ka ninaninau. E koho i ka pale ma ka centering ma nenoai e pili pū ana i ka pilikia no ka hewaʻike manaʻo a me ka ninau pono aku i ka nānā 'ana ma luna o ka ninaninau. (2). Loiloi hana (loa iaoia) hoʻopau i ka wahahee a me ka hoomau i ka oiaio, a wehe i ka superficialʻike manaʻo ma ka ninau kaa hoʻohana, a holo i ka ho'āʻo e hōʻoia hala authenticity; i ke kaʻina hana o ka hoao ana holo, Ka Ikepili a me ka hoʻopono, nenoai (eiiiiiaiou) hoʻohana maʻamau hiki ke hookupaa iho la ia me ka hewa kekahi ma kekahi a ekalesia (eiiiiiaiou) ma o na la mau hewa i holoʻana. Once na ekalesia (eiiiiiaiou) ma o na la hemahema e wae, a laila, e hana hou ai e puku i kaʻaha kanaka (eiiiiiaiou), a laila, nānā ma ka ho'āʻo holo. Inā hewaʻike manaʻo i eliminated, i ka hewa hoʻopau hana ua pau. Inā hewaʻike manaʻo i ole eliminated, laila, e hoʻomau 'e lawe mai loiloi. (3). Rula hooponopono hana lunakanawai, ina paha na koho ka pale kaua hana maʻamau e like me ka'ōnaehana a me kaʻaha kanaka (eiiiiiaiou) pae'ōnaehana rula. (4). Holo-i ho'āʻo iaoia Eʻoluʻolu, e ka mahina, a haha ​​aku i ka authenticity o ka hewaʻike manaʻo, loa a me ka laulā o ka pilikia ma holo-i ho'āʻo e hookupaa i ka pale kaua no ke kāpaeʻana kaa mau hewa. B. kaa hewa hoʻopau uʻAnuʻu Hana 1: Description o ke kaa hewaʻike manaʻo Under mau rula, ka wā kaa me ka hewa i ho'āla hou aʻela, servicemen e nīnau mai Keaukaha e pili ana i kaa hewaʻike manaʻo, hiʻona, symptoms mua hewaʻikea a me ka manawa o ka hewa, a laila e ka mua qualitative ka hooponopono ana. KaʻAnuʻu Hana 2: hōʻoia 'ana, a me ka hoao ana o ke kaa hewaʻike manaʻo (1). General a me ke kapuai e like penei: Ma mua o ke kaa i ua hōʻoia a me ka ho'āʻo, e hoʻokō i servicemen pilikia makapō nana i kaaʻano a me ka hana kupua hapa a puni ke kaa. Ka wā pilikia makapō nana ua hoʻokō, e eʻoiaʻiʻo: malama akahele, a nānā me ka lima ma mua disassembly, a laila, ana noke. I ka Ia manawa, e nānā i ke kaa ma ka hahai ana i ka rula o ka mai i ka oluolu a hiki i ka pilikia, mai ka mea kokoke i ka mamao, a mai ka waho a hiki i ka loko. Eʻoluʻolu, e lawe mai ho'āʻo holo, a hoʻokūpaʻa "hewaʻike manaʻo" a me na nenoai incurring "hewaʻike manaʻo". Ma muli o e hooiaio ai, e lawe mai hoʻokolohua e like no kī wahi. KaʻAnuʻu Hana 3: kaa hewa Ka Ikepili Ka Ikepili hiki ke maheleia i: e kālailai i ka'ōnaehana (piliʻaha kanaka a me ke keʻena) a hiki i "hewaʻike manaʻo" a me ki māhele (ekalesia) a hiki i "hewaʻike manaʻo". Na Ka Ikepili E e lawe mai e like me ke kaa'ōnaehana ka 'ole a me ka pae'ōnaehana rula. Eʻoluʻolu, e kālailai pinepine ae la oia e imi mai, lalau mai. Ka Ikepili kaʻina hana o ka huikau kaʻina hana no laila, i ka mea nele i ke kākoʻo o ke kumumanaʻo, rula a me ka hoao ana a me ka hoi nele meticulous a me ka Logical manaʻo. I ka Ia manawa, mana ho'āʻo ma e noke pono. E like me ka hopena, ike loea hookolokolo hopena hiki ke loaa. KaʻAnuʻu Hana 4: kaa hewa hoopai ke kaa hewa hoopai ua i ka nānā 'ana ma luna o Ka Ikepili a me ka mālama' ana i ka hoao ana. Ka hoʻoponopono hopena i e pololei paha e ia i pololei, i mea maʻamau. Ke kumu ka i ka hewa i e noonoo ole, a me nā hana 'ole i ia mau a me ka hulina. No laila, haʻi akula Ka Ikepili a me ka hoʻokolohua e like i pono ka anu u ma ka anu u a ka pilikia ua pau Wehewehe i nā hāʻina. KaʻAnuʻu Hana 5: kaa hewa hoʻopau kaa hewa hoʻopau a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi hou mea i ka huikau hana kaʻina. I ka papa kuhikuhiE Contents i alodio disassembly a me kaʻaha kanaka. Ke disassembly e hahai i ka loina o ka mai i ka oluolu a hiki i ka pilikia, a mai ka waho a hiki i ka loko, e lawe mai hapa disassembly, e pale aku disassembly me ka nui wahi. Olelo no ka disassembly, e e kaulana ka wā disassembly a me kaʻaha kanaka. KaʻAnuʻu Hana 6: ka hōʻoia 'a me ka hoao ana ma hope o kaa hewa hoʻopau ka ho'āla hou aʻelaʻo kaa e e hōʻoia. I ka hae o ka hōʻoia a me ka ho'āʻo mea e hoʻopau kaa hewaʻike manaʻo a me symptoms. Inā hewaʻike manaʻo a me nā symptoms i ole eliminated, e 'oluʻolu' oe i ka luna a me ke kapuai a kaa hewa ua pau eliminated.

A. hewa e hiki ke kumu a me ka hewa lapaʻau (kinoea): (1). Kinoea paukūʻolokaʻaʻAʻohe kinoea a lima kiwikā o ke kinoea paukūʻolokaʻa mea i hamama. Hoohewaʻe lapaʻau: hui kinoea a huli ma ka lima kiwikā o ke kinoea paukūʻolokaʻa. (2). High puʻe solenoid kiwikā o ka mea,ʻaʻohe uila a ua poino. Hoohewaʻe lapaʻau: huli i ka mea hō'ā kaʻa kī, a laila, i ka solenoid kiwikā o ua ringing "thump" kani. Ka hūlili Buy o kiʻekiʻe puʻe solenoid kiwikā e e plugged paa. Inā ka solenoid kiwikā o ua poino, eʻoluʻolu e puku i ia. (3). Low puʻe solenoid kiwikā ma FMV hiki ole e hamama paha ua e wehe loa. Hoohewaʻe lapaʻau: nānā me ka puke noke kamepiula. Ma hope o ka mea hō'ā kaʻa ki ua huli ma, ke kinoea puʻe waiwai mea haʻahaʻa ma mua o 110PSIA. Eʻoluʻolu, e puku i ka solenoid kiwikā 'ole nānā kiwikā polokalamu mākaʻikaʻi. (4). Kinoea puʻe mea haʻahaʻa. Hoohewaʻe lapaʻau: nānā paha ke kinoea pipeline liu i kinoea. B. ka hewa e hiki ke kumu a me ka hewa lapaʻau (mea hō'ā kaʻa huakai kaapuni a): (1). Mau kuapo kanaka o ka engine ke kāohi Module e poino, nolaila, e nānā paha ekolu lako hou laina i uila. Hoohewaʻe lapaʻau: huli i ka mea hō'ā kaʻa ki a me ka nānā paha mika a me ka kaula hō'ā i 24V anakahi uila me ka multimeter e like me ka uila mau kiʻikuhi. (2). Mea hō'ā kaʻa Module ua poino. Hoohewaʻe lapaʻau: huai ae i ka inanition'ōwili hao misfires. Eʻoluʻolu, e nānā i hewa kivila, hunaahi polokalamu a me kiʻekiʻe-hoʻopilikia uwea. (3). Omaka-i hoʻokaʻa mämä holo muli o kona haʻahaʻa (ka haahaa hoʻomaka 'ana-i hoʻokaʻa mämä holo o 100r / min) hewa lapaʻau: nānā paha ka mea o na pu ki anakahi uila hiki a hiki i 24V. (4). Pake ke kāohi Module (ECM) ua poino. Hoohewaʻe lapaʻau: e puku i ECM. C. ka hewa e hiki ke kumu a me ka hewa lapaʻau (ea kinoea huakai kaapuni a me na mea e ae): (1). Airʻai ana mea e lawa hewa lapaʻau: nānā ina paha lewa Kānana a me ka eaʻai ana'ōnaehana i wahi a pūnāwai. (2). Oxygen ma mīkiniʻimi hūlili Clip ua fused a me ka pōkole kaapuni ua kena ae la. Hoohewaʻe lapaʻau: e puku i ka oxygen mīkiniʻimi. (3). Electronic throttle kiwikā o ua poino. Hoohewaʻe lapaʻau: hoʻohana lako polokalamu, e ho'āʻo lolouila throttle kiwikā. Inā ka lolouila throttle kiwikā o ua poino, eʻoluʻolu e puku i ia. (4). ʻAi ana kiwikā a me ka nohona kiwikā a no ka maluhiluhi, ua like ua'āpono nō. Hoohewaʻe lapaʻau: nānā kiwikāʻae e like me ka manual o ke kakolina diesel engine. (5). Kekahi wahi i puhi ai i ka hoʻopauʻana o ke kaa i pilikia, e like me'ākilikai nā kapa E kuapo, a etc. hewa lapaau: nānā i nā wahi i puhi ai o ka hoʻopauʻana o ke kaa. (6). Māmā holo mīkiniʻimi hewa. Hoohewaʻe lapaʻau: hoʻohana lako polokalamu, e huai ae, a laila, he mea he hala kuhi. Nānā i kaʻae ma waena o ka ohe iwi kuamoʻo a me ka mīkiniʻimi. (7). Ke kapa kīʻaha o ka neaiaea mīkini hana wāwahie huli mai, a me ka huina o ka mea hō'ā kaʻa mua hoʻololi nui. Ma kēia manawa, hoailona mīkini hana wāwahie mea fractured. Hoohewaʻe lapaau: hoʻomaʻa i ka oihana o ke kapa kīʻaha e e TDC ka unahiʻole, mark aligning ma kikowaena kulana koʻuʻiʻini i ka engine o ka māmā mīkiniʻimi. E pono nānā paha ka hōʻailona mīkini hana wāwahie mea fractured. Ināʻo ia, e puku i hoailona mīkini hana wāwahie i ua ahakanaka la.

A. Ma mua o ka hewa hoomau Ua hana, ia mea mea eʻoi aʻe e nānā, a ho'āʻo e pale aku hewa hana ia no ka hoʻoponopono. B. nānā paha ea puʻe o ke kōmike hoʻokele huila Ua lawa, ina na kapa elua e kau like, a ina paha he huila i koʻu manaʻo. C. nānā i ka aila nuipa a ma ka aila pahu ka lakou e maona ai, a ina paha o loko o ka hoakaka aila pae. D. nānā ina aila Kānana mea maʻemaʻe, a laumania E. nānā paha'ōlewa paipu, ua haika, ina paha kinking mea kūpono, a ua wahi. F. nānā paha ka mana-kokua kōmike hoʻokele aila EII ni kāʻei kika aku. G. nānā paha ke kēia pili 'o Randy iʻae nō hoʻi poino paha ka mea,ʻaʻole like. (1). Joystick a me ke ao ami; (2). Kōmike hoʻokele lima, huki hookolokolo, huki ka hoaka o ke ami hoi a me ka paʻa ami; (3). Hemohemo kahua o kēlā me kēia kōmike hoʻokele pili.

Ka wā hou hoʻohana pono hoʻohana kaumaha-hana kalaka me Fast gearbox, hoʻohana 'ana Hōʻike' ia ia mea i oluolu no ka kaa e waiho i loko o kapa ka wā e hoʻomaka ana. Ke kumu o ia mea hoʻohana 'aʻole i heluhelu manual paha ua i hoʻomaʻamaʻa no laila, ua hoʻohana' Aʻole maopopo i pae'ōnaehana hiʻona o Fast gearbox. E like me mākou i ka papa kuhikuhiE pahu o ka wa kahiko Fast gearboxʻaʻohe synchronizer no laila, e hoʻomaka ana naeaeaa e i lālau, a me ka wawahi iho la ia i kahi kūlike i ka hana. A hiki aku i ke kaa i hoomaka, ina wale ka mea lālau hehi wāwae ua hehi ma akā, ke kuapo kiwikā o lālau a me ka wawahi ua i huli ia, a laila, i ka wawahi hiki ole hana. Nolaila, ia mea paakiki e hoʻokomo i loko o kapa. Kekahi mea hoʻohana i nā koi no ka hoʻomaka hana, akā, e noonoo i ka mea mea paakiki e hoʻokomo i loko o kapa nō. Ano laulā, e olelo ana, O Keaukaha He pōkole loa a me ka uha mua o pōkole loa, eia hoi, ke noho ka nui kiʻekiʻe, no laila, i ka uha hiki ole hoʻopā aku i ka hana ana kulana o ka wawahi iho la ka wā e hoʻomaka ana. E like me ka hopena, i ka noho kiʻekiʻe e e like, e halawai me ke koi. Inā ka lālau maoli i ka wawahi E kuapo kiwikā huli ma akā, ia mea nō paʻakikī e hoʻokomo i loko o kapa ka wā e hoʻomaka ana. A me ka mea nani i ka lālau ua i hookuu loa, a laila, e Hōʻike i ka lālau wawahi'ōnaehana i ka hewa. Ano, e nānā i ke peleki pāʻana kinoea kaapuni mua, kau i ka wawahi kiwikā ma ka lima hema malalo o ke kahunapule pahu, hemohemo ke kinoeaʻano pono o ka wawahi paukūʻolokaʻa, a laila, pani ma luna o ka lālau hehi wāwae, e huli ma ka lālau wawahi kiwikā. Eʻoluʻolu, e pono ke kinoea type pono exhausts kinoea i ka waho. Inā ia mea e malimali ia a no ka maluhiluhi, a laila ka mea, i ka 'i he mea hewa no ke kuapo kiwikā o ka wawahi. E disassemble mea paha e puku i ia. Inā ia mea maʻamau ia a no ka maluhiluhi, a laila ka mea, i ka 'ia ka mea, aohe pilikia i loko o ke kuapo kiwikā, a malia o ka hewa mea ma luna o ka wawahi paukūʻolokaʻa. Ka iapaau ana mea e disassemble i ka lālau wawahi paukūʻolokaʻa. E pono maila ka wawahi paukūʻolokaʻa kuʻe sila ke komo lima o ke apo paha liu i kinoea, ina paha i ke kuʻe ke neʻe smoothly, a ua ole clamped. Inā ka mea, liu i kinoea, a laila, e puku i sila apo hookahi. Eia hoi, e nānā paha ke kuʻe wawahi piʻo concave ili ua pohole seriously. Inā ka mea, ua pohole seriously, e 'oluʻolu e puku i ka wawahi paukūʻolokaʻa kuʻe. Loa importantly, ka mea,ʻaʻole e iai? Oaiaaiiua nui kaumaha-hana ia i kona kalaka me "lālau ke peleki pāʻana mea" no ka minute. A hiki aku i ke kaa e ukuhi i loko o ka wā e hoʻomaka ana kahunapule, me ka lālau hehi wāwae e hehi ma luna, a laila, hoʻokomo i loko o kahunapule ma hope, i mea ka ia a me nā 'ano. Inā ia mea paakiki i ka hoʻololi kapa i ka wa a ke kaa i kipaku maʻamau, laila, e nānā paha ke kumu o ka kākou hana o ka naeaeaa pae. Fast gearbox apono kākou naeaeaaʻano papa hana ma ka kaumaha-hana ia i kona kalaka. Inā naeaeaa pae ua like inappropriately paha i ke kila, a bushing ua ikaika pilipaa paha excessively pohole, e mahuahua ai ia ia mea paakiki e hoʻololi kapa i ka ia'ku o naeaeaa kapa, e. Ma kekahi, i kekahi mau kona kapa i pilikia e hoʻololi. Ke hoʻohewa hiki e like ma ka hōʻoiaʻana kapa naeaeaa lima o ka gearbox e e joystick ma kūpono kūlana. No ka gearbox me ka papalua-une lōhai papalua-naeaeaaʻano papa hana, ka wā une lōhai o ke kaōhiʻana selector une lōhai a'ōlewa kumu e i like kūponoʻia, i ke kapa ma ke kaʻe hiki ole i loko o caiiaaaiiai kapa, creeper kapa, a me ka 7th a me 8th kapa. Ma kēia manawa, e wehe i ka pae'ōnaehana une lōhai a'ōlewa kona kumu mai o ka pae'ōnaehana une lōhai, a laila, kau i ka selector une lōhai ma luna o ke kapa koho kulana o ka palena kona kapa, hoʻomaʻa i ka lōʻihi o ka pae'ōnaehana une lōhai a'ōlewa kumu e hiki aku i ke kapa koho kulana o ke kali a me ka e hoʻohui joystick ole'ōlewa kona kumu me ka selector une lōhai. I keia wa, likeʻole moʻo o gearboxes i lako pono i nā mea a pau synchronizer. He ai kūpono no kēia mauʻano o gearboxes e hoʻololi kapa. I ka wā i kapa mea i oluolu i ka hoʻololi, e nānā paha ka synchronizer o keia kapa ua poino. I ka gearbox a me nā mea a pau synchronizer ua hoʻohana, e hoʻololi kapa me ka naauao naeaeaa kahunapule holo, a hiki emi i ka abrasion o synchronizer, a hooloihi i ka hana ola o ka synchronizer. I ka naeaeaa kapa ua hana ma waena o nā pili kiʻekiʻe kapa a me ka haahaa kapa (e like ka ha me ka lima o kahunapule), kūpono wā mawaena ae e pono ai no ka prodding kiʻekiʻe a me ka haahaa kona kapa a me ka hookuke ana ma kapa. A hiki aku i ka hana o ke kapa naeaeaa muli o kona manaʻo aukahi, ka mea, he mama, e kuni i ka mea a me ka poho synchronizer o ka haumāna gearbox. Inā kākou pae'ōnaehana une lōhai ua kaawale mai kapa naeaeaa lima o ka gearbox, ia mea nō paʻakikī e hoʻololi i kekahi mau kona kapa i ke ano o ka pono ke hoʻohana kahunapule naeaeaa lima, a me ka ia i ka 'i ka loko o ke gearbox ka hewa. Ma kēia manawa, hoʻoponopono me ka disassembly ua pono. Nui e olelo ana, ke kumu o ua ino ia naeaeaa au o ka gearbox uhi, ka hāʻuleʻana lole a me elua mau pua, he ino paha excessively koʻu manaʻo a me ka 'oni iki au a lockpin o ka punohu pae ua hemohemo.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE kumu no ka wela wawahi pahu mea i wawahi keʻena ole hoʻi 'aʻole' ole hoʻi muli o kona lohi. Wawahi mau kamaa, a me ka wawahi pahu i oleʻae, a hiki no hoi e wawahi pahu wela. Eʻoluʻolu, e nānā, a hoʻomaʻa i kaʻae, a nānā i ke kumu ke keʻena 'aʻole i hoʻi. I ka wā o ka wawahi keʻena 'aʻole i hoʻi, e nānā i kinoea huakai kaapuni, a ina paha o ka wawahi camshaft mea pilipaa. I ka wā o ka hoʻi kupulau o ka wawahi mau kamaa, ua wāwahiʻia, ka wawahi pahu Ua wela kekahi. Eʻoluʻolu, e hoailona oukou ia: kaʻae ma waena o Steyr wawahi pahu a me na hoewaa Park mea, ua uuku, pololei o ka manufacturing o ka wahi lulu wawahi pahu mea haʻahaʻa, ka luna wela ea ala o ka pā o ka wawahi pahu mea pāpaʻu, a laila, wela dissipation mea he ilihune. A hiki aku i ke kaa e holo i ka mamao loa ihona pali, i ka engine a no ka maluhiluhi ea puka wawahi, e 'ūlōlohi mai ana a me ka Hawaii (wawae) wawahi iho la, e ke hoʻohana' emi malama o hiki mai i ka pale aku i ka wawahi pahu mea, ua wela.

hiki ole ke wawahi iho la e holopono ana, a me ka hope, uaʻilihune ia, a i ke kumu ma ke kinoea kaapuni nenoaiu. Wawahi mau kamaa, ka kū'ē papa a me ka wawahi pahu i pilikia. Ka hoʻopā 'āpana ma waena o wawahi pana papa a me ka wawahi pahu e nui ma mua o 70% o ka iauae ieiuaae. I ka Ia manawa, i ke kū'ē papa, e maemae no ia, maloo, a i ole ka waʻa lepo a me nā hua. I mea e kumu hoʻomalu i ka hoʻopā ili ma waena o wawahi mau kamaa, ka kū'ē papa a me ka wawahi pahu, i ka wa a ka wawahi pahu mea mai o ka puni, a ua kauo hōʻailona a me nā kū'ē papa ua poino paha ka ua auou caiaiai, e hana i laumania popoiwi ma luna o ka ili o ke kū'ē papa a me ka wawahi pahu me ka kūikawā hana. Ka mea hiki ka hoao ana hōʻike i ke kanawai o nā hopena maka o ka wawahi mau kamaa, ka kū'ē papa kōkō mea maikaʻi ma mua o kaʻupena nae kikowaena a me unmeshed welau. Nolaila, i ka wa a wawahi kū'ē papa hanaʻia ala apuupuu popoiwi, ke anawaena o ka ala apuupuu popoiwi e e 0.2mm nui ma mua o loko anawaena o ka wawahi pahu. ʻO kā mākou ala apuupuu popoiwi dala o ka wawahi pahu e e 2mm ma luna o ke anawaena nui.

Inā ka ikehu o na pu ki mea,ʻaʻole lawa ka wā igniting i ke kakahiaka, a ia mea paakiki e huki i ka like me ka, he? Aiaiiuie iaoia mea: ninini wela ka wai ma luna o ka o na pu ki, pili a pau uila lako a pan, a pani i ka kaa puka (ka lalo mai wāwae kau iho). Ma hope o 5-10 minuke, i ke kaa i hiki ke hoʻomaka. Hope e kipaku aku i ka kaa e hoʻololi i ka pu ki.

Ke ana hana mahana o ka hoʻokēʻaiʻana gearbox e e ole aku ma mua o 120 ℃. Gearbox hiki paha i kekahi mau wela, no ka kū'ē ka neʻe lālā. Ka mea maʻamau hana mehana mea ma kahi o 38 ℃ kiekie ma mua o ka Ambient mahana. Ka wela Ua dissipated ma gearbox hale noho. Inā wela dissipation mea ole maʻamau, overheating e e kena ae la. Ua mea maʻamau i kaa gearbox mea ", ua wela i ka hoopa" i ka wa a ke kaa e holo i ka wela kauwela. Akā, inā i ke kapa o ka HW o gearbox ua Hi ohia a me ka kiʻekiʻe wela akaka, e hoʻolohe i ka nana. He nui nā kumu no ka overheating o gearbox. Nui loa hoopihaia kapa aila a me ka mea aila pololi, e i overheating. Ka mīkini hapa Ua abnormally pohole, a ua hele nui pilipaa, a i hiki ka hopena i overheating o ka hanau ana. Gearbox holo me ka haʻahaʻa ka wikiwiki a me kiʻekiʻe wikiwiki, a i hiki i overheating. A hiki i ka momoku ahi o ka gearbox kapa aila ka oi aku o ka (viscosity) helu mea hewa, ka mea mea paakiki e lubricate, a laila, i ka gearbox ua overheating. Ke ea ventilator o gearbox hiki i overheating a me hiki e gearbox seriously liu i kaʻaila ma luna o ka hoʻokomo o a me ka ia auoiaea hope. 'ōnaehana Pake a no ka maluhiluhi mea, ua paʻa i ka gearbox. Holo mämä holo ka emi o 32Km / h nui. E hana ana i huina o gearbox e e oi ma mua o 12 °.